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Hyposmia and Disgust: Gender-Specific Effects.

Rottraut Ille1, Axel Wolf2, Peter Valentin Tomazic2

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Reduced sense of smell (hyposmia) alters disgust responses more in men than women. Women with hyposmia showed no significant changes in disgust compared to controls, suggesting gender-specific effects.

Keywords:
gender differenceshyposmiatrait disgust

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Sensory Science

Background:

  • Reduced olfactory function (hyposmia) is linked to changes in trait disgust, particularly in men.
  • Previous research indicates a connection between olfactory deficits and altered disgust responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether women with hyposmia exhibit similar alterations in disgust responsiveness as observed in men.
  • To compare disgust proneness, self-disgust, and disgust sensitivity between individuals with and without hyposmia, examining gender differences.

Main Methods:

  • Compared 48 patients with hyposmia (25 men, 23 women) to 50 normosmic controls (25 men, 25 women).
  • Assessed disgust proneness across domains, self-disgust, and disgust sensitivity (control and embarrassment).

Main Results:

  • Male patients with hyposmia reported higher self-disgust and disgust proneness (poor hygiene domain) than male controls.
  • Female patients with hyposmia showed comparable disgust scores to female controls.
  • Both male and female patients with hyposmia reported difficulties regulating disgust in social contexts.

Conclusions:

  • Hyposmia is associated with greater alterations in trait disgust in men compared to women.
  • The observed gender-specific effect may be due to more effective compensatory behaviors in women.
  • Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms behind these gender differences in hyposmia-related disgust changes.