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Modulation of rotavirus severe gastroenteritis by the combination of probiotics and prebiotics

Guadalupe Gonzalez-Ochoa1, Lilian K Flores-Mendoza2, Ramona Icedo-Garcia2

  • 1División de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, 85880, Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico. lupitaglezo@hotmail.com.

Archives of Microbiology
|June 22, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Probiotics and prebiotics can combat rotavirus gastroenteritis in children. These beneficial microbes and fibers reduce viral shedding, decrease disease severity, and prevent reinfection.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Infectious diarrhea causes 2.2 million deaths annually, with rotaviruses being a primary cause of severe gastroenteritis in children.
  • Rotavirus pathogenesis involves the viral toxin NSP4 protein and NSP1 protein's inhibition of interferon production.
  • Interferon regulatory factors (IRF3, IRF5, IRF7) are degraded by rotavirus NSP1, impairing the host's antiviral response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review rotavirus pathogenesis and immunity.
  • To discuss the role of probiotics and prebiotics in modulating rotavirus gastroenteritis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of rotavirus pathogenesis, immunity, and the effects of probiotics and prebiotics.
  • Analysis of studies investigating specific probiotic strains (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus) and prebiotics (inulin, HMO, scGOS, lcFOS).

Main Results:

  • Probiotics and prebiotics enhance antiviral responses and reduce rotavirus infectivity and shedding.
  • These interventions decrease NSP4 expression and increase anti-rotavirus IgA levels.
  • Probiotics and prebiotics shorten rotavirus diarrhea duration and severity, preventing infection and reinfection.

Conclusions:

  • Probiotics (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus) and prebiotics demonstrate significant potential in preventing and managing rotavirus gastroenteritis.
  • Combination therapies of probiotics and prebiotics offer a promising strategy to mitigate the impact of rotavirus infections in vulnerable populations.

Keywords:
PathogenesisPrebioticsProbioticsRotavirus

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