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The papillomas of the sinonasal tract. A comprehensive review

G Leoncini1, L Zanetti2

  • 1Pathology Unit, ASST del Garda, Brescia, Italy.

Pathologica
|June 22, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Schneiderian papillomas are rare sinonasal tumors with three types: exophytic, inverting, and oncocytic. This review examines their histology, causes, and malignant transformation criteria.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Papillomas are uncommon sinonasal tumors originating from the Schneiderian membrane.
  • Three histological variants exist: exophytic, inverting, and oncocytic, presenting with varied physical findings.
  • Symptoms include asymptomatic masses, epistaxis, and unilateral nasal obstruction, with potential for bone erosion and recurrence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comparatively review sinonasal papilloma variants.
  • To discuss their etiology, pathogenesis, and biological behavior.
  • To clarify histologic criteria for dysplasia and malignant transformation, alongside treatment and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative review of existing literature.
  • Analysis of histological features and clinical presentations.
  • Evaluation of current diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Papillomas exhibit distinct histological types with characteristic clinical presentations.
  • Recurrence and bone erosion are significant clinical concerns, particularly with the inverting type.
  • Malignant transformation can occur synchronously or metachronously, with ill-defined histologic criteria.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized histologic criteria are needed for accurate diagnosis and assessment of malignant potential.
  • Further research into etiology and pathogenesis is crucial for improved management.
  • A multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimal treatment and prognosis of sinonasal papillomas.
Keywords:
Exophytic papillomaInverted papillomaMalignant transformationOncocytic papillomaSchneiderian papilloma

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