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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Published on: February 24, 2023

Cellular immunotherapies for cancer.

Pedro Berraondo^1,2,3, Sara Labiano^1,2, Luna Minute^1,2

¹Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain.

|June 23, 2017

Summary

Decades of research in gene and cell therapies have advanced cancer immunotherapy. A symposium highlighted critical factors for successful adoptive cell transfer strategies in treating cancer.

Keywords:

Chimeric antigen receptor NK cells Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes dendritic cells

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Oncology
Biotechnology

Background:

Gene and cell therapies have evolved significantly, demonstrating clinical utility in cancer immunotherapy.
Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) strategies are a key focus in developing novel cancer treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze critical factors for the clinical success of ACT in cancer immunotherapy.
To provide an overview of the current landscape of cellular immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

A symposium was held on December 16th, 2016, in Pamplona, Spain.
Discussions focused on challenges and advancements in cellular immunotherapy strategies.

Main Results:

Cellular immunotherapy is utilized for developing cancer vaccines with ex vivo manipulated dendritic cells.
Strategies include enhancing effector cells like NK cells or T cells for improved anti-tumor activity.

Conclusions:

Key lessons learned from decades of gene and cell therapy research are crucial for clinical success in cancer immunotherapy.
Cellular immunotherapy, including ACT, holds significant promise for future cancer treatment paradigms.