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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Auditory processing in autism spectrum disorder: Mismatch negativity deficits.

Chantal Vlaskamp1, Bob Oranje1,2, Gitte Falcher Madsen3

  • 1NICHE Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|June 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show reduced auditory processing, specifically a diminished mismatch negativity (MMN) response to sound changes. This suggests a potential early sensory deficit and may link ASD to a higher risk of schizophrenia.

Keywords:
ASDMMNP3aauditory processingschizophrenia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often exhibit altered automatic auditory processing.
  • Mismatch negativity (MMN) is an electrophysiological measure used to quantify automatic auditory deviancy detection.
  • Previous MMN studies in autism have yielded inconsistent findings, often due to small sample sizes and varied methodologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate auditory processing in children with ASD using electrophysiology.
  • To compare MMN and P3a amplitude in children with ASD and typically developing children (TDC).
  • To utilize a large sample size and an extensive MMN paradigm to address inconsistencies in prior research.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed MMN and P3a amplitude in 35 children with ASD and 38 TDC (aged 8-12 years).
  • Employed an MMN paradigm with three deviant types: frequency, duration, and combined frequency-duration.
  • Utilized electroencephalography (EEG) to record event-related potentials.

Main Results:

  • Significantly reduced MMN was observed in the ASD group for duration and frequency-duration deviants.
  • P3a amplitude was significantly increased in the ASD group for duration deviants.
  • These findings suggest reduced sensory-level responsivity and heightened attentional-level responsivity in children with ASD.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced MMN in ASD indicates potential difficulties in automatically detecting deviant auditory stimuli at an early sensory level.
  • Increased P3a amplitude suggests hyper-responsivity at the attentional level in children with ASD.
  • The observed MMN deficits in ASD share similarities with those in schizophrenia, potentially explaining the increased risk of schizophrenia in individuals with ASD.