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Related Concept Videos

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II03:35

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sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization
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Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I03:24

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The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
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Atomic Orbitals02:44

Atomic Orbitals

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An atomic orbital represents the three-dimensional regions in an atom where an electron has the highest probability to reside. The radial distribution function indicates the total probability of finding an electron within the thin shell at a distance r from the nucleus. The atomic orbitals have distinct shapes which are determined by l, the angular momentum quantum number. The orbitals are often drawn with a boundary surface, enclosing densest regions of the cloud.
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The Energies of Atomic Orbitals03:21

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In an atom, the negatively charged electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. In a multielectron atom, electron-electron repulsions are also observed. The attractive and repulsive forces are dependent on the distance between the particles, as well as the sign and magnitude of the charges on the individual particles. When the charges on the particles are opposite, they attract each other. If both particles have the same charge, they repel each other.
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods01:25

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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) atomizes samples through flame atomization or electrothermal atomization. Flame atomization typically involves a nebulizer and spray chamber assembly to combine the sample with a fuel–oxidant mixture, creating a fine aerosol mist that enters a burner. Typically, the fuel and oxidant are combined in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. However, for atoms that are easily oxidized, a fuel-rich mixture may be more advantageous. Only about 5% of the...
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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
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A coherent quantum annealer with Rydberg atoms.

A W Glaetzle1,2,3,4, R M W van Bijnen1,2, P Zoller1,2

  • 1Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria.

Nature Communications
|June 23, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrate a prototype quantum annealer using Rydberg atoms and the Lechner-Hauke-Zoller architecture. This programmable device enables coherent adiabatic quantum dynamics for advanced optimization protocols.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing
  • Atomic Physics
  • Quantum Simulation

Background:

  • Achieving fully programmable quantum devices with coherent adiabatic dynamics is a key challenge in quantum annealing.
  • Current efforts explore various physical platforms to realize quantum annealing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a prototype for a coherent adiabatic quantum computer.
  • To leverage Rydberg atoms and the Lechner-Hauke-Zoller (LHZ) architecture for quantum annealing.

Main Methods:

  • Combining the quantum simulation toolbox for Rydberg atoms with the LHZ architecture.
  • Emulating a spin-1/2 lattice gauge model with quasi-local four-body parity constraints using Rubidium and Caesium atoms.
  • Utilizing laser-dressed Rydberg-Rydberg interactions in a bipartite optical lattice.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a prototype quantum computer capable of all-to-all Ising interactions.
  • Rydberg-Rydberg interactions are significantly larger than decoherence rates, ensuring coherent dynamics.
  • The proposed system provides a platform for quantum annealing.

Conclusions:

  • The integration of Rydberg atoms and the LHZ architecture offers a promising route to coherent adiabatic quantum computing.
  • This approach facilitates the exploration of quantum-enhanced optimization protocols using state-of-the-art atomic physics.
  • The developed platform supports all-to-all Ising interactions, crucial for quantum annealing.