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Related Concept Videos

Field Effect Transistor01:29

Field Effect Transistor

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Field-effect transistors (FETs) are integral to electronic circuits and distinguished by their three-terminal setup: the gate, drain, and source. These transistors operate as unipolar devices, which utilize either electrons or holes as charge carriers, in contrast to bipolar transistors, which use both types of carriers. The primary function of the FET is to modulate the flow of these carriers from the source to the drain through a channel. The voltage difference between the gate and source...
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Effect of Bending on the Electrical Characteristics of Flexible Organic Single Crystal-based Field-effect Transistors
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Crystalline Organic Pigment-Based Field-Effect Transistors.

Haichang Zhang1, Ruonan Deng1, Jing Wang1

  • 1Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron , 170 University Circle, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Soluble pigment precursors with latent hydrogen bonding were thermally converted into insoluble pigments, enhancing charge mobility by over 2 orders of magnitude in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). This method enables crystalline OFET fabrication from insoluble conjugated pigments.

Keywords:
crystalhydrogen bondinglatent hydrogen bondingorganic field-effect transistorspigment

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Area of Science:

  • Organic electronics
  • Materials science
  • Solid-state chemistry

Background:

  • Conjugated pigments are crucial for organic electronics but often insoluble, limiting their processing.
  • Achieving highly crystalline insoluble pigments typically requires energy-intensive gas-phase methods.
  • Hydrogen bonding plays a key role in molecular arrangement and material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a solution-processable method for fabricating crystalline organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) using insoluble conjugated pigments.
  • To investigate the role of latent hydrogen bonding in the solid-state transformation of pigment precursors.
  • To enhance charge mobility in OFET devices through controlled crystalline structure formation.

Main Methods:

  • Functionalization of insoluble pigments (BDP, IIDG, TDPP) with tert-butoxylcarbonyl (t-Boc) groups to create soluble precursors (BDP-Boc, IIDG-Boc, TDPP-Boc).
  • Obtaining single crystals of the soluble pigment precursors.
  • Thermal annealing to induce deprotection and solid-state conversion to insoluble pigments with fused hydrogen bonding.
  • Fabrication and characterization of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) using the converted pigments.

Main Results:

  • Soluble pigment precursors were successfully synthesized and crystallized.
  • Thermal annealing efficiently converted soluble precursors into highly crystalline insoluble pigments, mirroring gas-phase deposition quality.
  • The transformation was driven by the removal of t-Boc groups and the formation of fused hydrogen bonds.
  • OFET devices fabricated from these pigments exhibited over a 2-orders-of-magnitude enhancement in charge mobility.
  • The distinct crystal structures formed after annealing highlight the pivotal role of fused hydrogen bonding in molecular rearrangement.

Conclusions:

  • A facile thermal annealing method enables the fabrication of crystalline OFETs from insoluble conjugated pigments via soluble precursors.
  • Fused hydrogen bonding is critical for achieving high crystallinity and enhanced charge transport in the solid state.
  • This approach offers a viable route for utilizing a wide range of commercially available conjugated pigments in high-performance OFET applications.