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Related Concept Videos

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Development and Functional Characterization of Murine Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells
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Granulocytes as modulators of dendritic cell function.

Annelot Breedveld1, Tom Groot Kormelink2, Marjolein van Egmond3,4

  • 1Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|June 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Granulocytes, including neutrophils and mast cells, significantly influence dendritic cell (DC) function. This interaction shapes T cell responses, highlighting the crucial role of granulocyte-DC communication in immunity.

Keywords:
basophileosinophilimmune modulationmast cellneutrophil

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Antigen-presenting cells (APCs), particularly dendritic cells (DCs), drive effector T cell development.
  • DCs polarize naive CD4+ T cells into distinct effector subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17, Tregs).
  • Granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells) interact with DCs during inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of granulocytes on dendritic cell (DC) function.
  • To explore the consequences of granulocyte-DC cross-talk on T cell proliferation and polarization.
  • To emphasize the importance of granulocyte-DC communication in adaptive immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating granulocyte-DC interactions.
  • Analysis of mechanisms by which granulocytes modulate DC activity.
  • Synthesis of findings on the effects of these interactions on T cell responses.

Main Results:

  • Granulocytes significantly influence DC recruitment, activation, and immunomodulatory capacity.
  • Granulocytes regulate T cell proliferation and polarization through mediators and cell-cell contact.
  • The role of granulocytes in adaptive immunity development is increasingly recognized.

Conclusions:

  • Granulocyte-DC communication is critical for orchestrating effective immune responses.
  • Understanding this cross-talk is essential for developing strategies to modulate adaptive immunity.
  • Granulocytes play a pivotal, yet often overlooked, role in adaptive immunity.