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A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
Published on: March 6, 2018
Prostate cancer immunotherapy: the path forward
1Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Purpose Of Review:
To provide an overview of current strategies being investigated in the development of immunotherapy in prostate cancer.
Recent Findings:
Development of immunotherapy in prostate cancer actually began in 2010 with FDA approval of sipuleucel-T. Given that immune checkpoint inhibitor trials have either been negative at the phase III level or underwhelming in smaller studies, it is likely that combination strategies will be required to further maximize the impact immune-based therapies on the clinical course of the disease. Emerging data suggests the presence of multiple checkpoint inhibitors in the prostate cancer tumor microenvironment highlighting the need for combination immunotherapy platforms that would potentially include androgen deprivation, chemotherapy, or radiation.
Summary:
Preclinical and clinical data support immune-based combinations in prostate cancer and several trials are underway to better define the future of immunotherapy in prostate cancer.
Insights
Prostate cancer immunotherapy, starting in 2010, requires combination strategies for greater impact. Current research focuses on combining immunotherapy with treatments like chemotherapy or radiation.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Urology
Background:
- Prostate cancer immunotherapy development initiated with sipuleucel-T approval in 2010.
- Recent immune checkpoint inhibitor trials show limited efficacy in phase III and smaller studies.
- The tumor microenvironment in prostate cancer exhibits multiple checkpoint inhibitors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current strategies in prostate cancer immunotherapy development.
- To highlight the need for combination immunotherapy approaches.
Main Methods:
- Review of preclinical and clinical data.
- Analysis of ongoing clinical trials.
Main Results:
- Sipuleucel-T marked the beginning of prostate cancer immunotherapy in 2010.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors alone have shown underwhelming results in advanced prostate cancer.
- Combination strategies involving androgen deprivation, chemotherapy, or radiation are being investigated.
Conclusions:
- Preclinical and clinical evidence supports combination immune-based therapies for prostate cancer.
- Several clinical trials are ongoing to determine the future of prostate cancer immunotherapy.
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