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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...

Continuing Care

Continuing Care

Continuing care describes the variety of health, personal, and social services provided over a prolonged period. The need for continuing care is increasing because people are living longer. Many people do not have families or others to care for them. Continuing care is mainly for patients who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering from a terminal disease. It is available within institutional settings or in homes. Examples include nursing centers or facilities, assisted living,...

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

Published on: November 9, 2016

Paediatric Palliative Medicine, 2nd ed.

Roger Woodruff¹

¹a 210 Burgundy Street, Suite 9, Heidelberg , Victoria 3084 , Australia.

Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy

|June 24, 2017

Summary

This collaboration provides expert book reviews on symptom control for advanced diseases. These insights are adapted from a renowned palliative care specialist, enhancing clinical knowledge.

Area of Science:

Palliative Care
Oncology
Symptom Management

Background:

Collaboration between the journal and the International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care (IAHPC).
Focus on publishing book reviews relevant to symptom control in advanced disease.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide accessible and expert-reviewed resources on palliative care and symptom management.
To leverage the expertise of Roger Woodruff, MD, in oncology and palliative care.

Main Methods:

Adaptation of book reviews from Roger Woodruff's work.
Publication of reviews relevant to advanced disease symptom control.

Main Results:

Continued publication of valuable book reviews in hospice and palliative care.

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Whole-body PET/MRI of Pediatric Patients: The Details That Matter

Whole-body PET/MRI of Pediatric Patients: The Details That Matter

Published on: December 19, 2017

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Last Updated: Feb 27, 2026

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

Published on: November 9, 2016

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

Whole-body PET/MRI of Pediatric Patients: The Details That Matter

Whole-body PET/MRI of Pediatric Patients: The Details That Matter

Published on: December 19, 2017

Dissemination of expert knowledge on managing complex symptoms in advanced illness.

Conclusions:

The ongoing collaboration ensures continued access to high-quality reviews on symptom control.
Expert insights from Roger Woodruff, MD, enhance the journal's offerings in palliative care.