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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

798
Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
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Common Respiratory Disorders01:31

Common Respiratory Disorders

1.7K
Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
1.7K
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants01:27

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants

1.1K
Decongestants are a class of medications used primarily to alleviate nasal congestion, a common symptom resulting from allergies, colds, sinusitis, and other upper respiratory tract infections. These drugs work by activating α-adrenergic receptors, constricting small blood vessels in the nasal membranes. This action results in the opening of clogged nasal passages, thereby facilitating sinus drainage and relieving congestion.
Most decongestants are readily available over-the-counter in...
1.1K
Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

4.9K
Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
4.9K
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics01:23

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics

1.3K
Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla.  Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
1.3K
Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines01:15

Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines

1.5K
Antihistamines are a class of drugs widely used to alleviate the symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion. They work by inhibiting the actions of histamine, which is released by immune cells in response to allergenic substances or tissue injuries.
Histamine binds to specific receptor sites, known as H1 receptors, on tissue cells, triggering inflammation and swelling. Antihistamines combat these effects by competing with histamine for these receptor sites. By...
1.5K

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Related Experiment Video

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Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
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Rhinovirus - not just the common cold.

Simon B Drysdale1, Asuncion Mejias2, Octavio Ramilo2

  • 1Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Level 2, Children's Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.

The Journal of Infection
|June 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rhinoviruses (RV) cause common colds and serious respiratory issues like pneumonia in children. New blood tests help understand how RVs affect the immune system and lead to illness.

Keywords:
AsthmaBlood transcription profilingBronchiolitisRhinovirus

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Generation, Amplification, and Titration of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Rhinoviruses (RV) are common respiratory pathogens affecting all ages.
  • RV infections are linked to upper and lower respiratory tract illnesses, including asthma exacerbations and pneumonia in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical impact of Rhinoviruses (RV) in children.
  • To discuss the role of host immune responses in RV pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on RV infections in pediatric populations.
  • Discussion of novel blood transcription profiling techniques for analyzing host immune responses.

Main Results:

  • Rhinoviruses cause a spectrum of illness, from common colds to severe lower respiratory tract infections.
  • Host immune responses play a critical role in the severity and outcomes of RV infections.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding RV pathogenesis through host immune profiling is crucial for pediatric respiratory health.
  • Further research into host-pathogen interactions can inform strategies for managing RV-related diseases in children.