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Updated: Feb 27, 2026
Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
Published on: August 22, 2012
Spectrum and burden of dermatophytes in children
Leila Ferguson1, L Claire Fuller1
1Department of Dermatology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
Abstract:
Tinea capitis is the most important superficial fungal condition in children. It is often unrecognised but the presence of alopecia, scale and lymphadenopathy, especially in inner-city children should prompt investigation. An understanding of changing epidemiology and prevalence of causative organisms is important in deciding appropriate therapy. The use of diagnostic aids including dermoscopy is increasing and is reported to be helpful in identifying subtle signs. Trichophyton tonsurans accounts for the majority of cases in the UK and terbinafine is increasingly advocated as a safe and effective therapy. Exclusion from school is unnecessary provided the child is receiving appropriate systemic and topical therapy, but family members should be screened and carriers should receive treatment. Steroids and surgical treatments should be avoided. Treatment failure is common and may be multifactorial. Mycological cure after completing treatment should be sought and therefore follow up is necessary for Tinea capitis cases. Development of molecular diagnostic methods may improve our ability to diagnose Tinea capitis accurately and quickly in the future. Emerging new dermatophytoses affecting other anatomical sites are discussed which, although not common in the UK, may be seen due to increasing travel worldwide.
Insights
Tinea capitis, a common fungal infection in children, requires prompt recognition and appropriate treatment. Early diagnosis and management, including family screening, are crucial for effective mycological cure and preventing recurrence.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Mycology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Tinea capitis is a significant pediatric superficial fungal infection, often overlooked.
- Key indicators include alopecia, scaling, and lymphadenopathy, particularly in urban populations.
- Understanding evolving epidemiology and causative organisms is vital for effective treatment selection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of recognizing Tinea capitis in children.
- To discuss current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
- To address challenges in treatment and the need for follow-up.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on Tinea capitis epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
- Emphasis on clinical signs, diagnostic aids like dermoscopy, and common causative agents.
- Discussion of therapeutic guidelines, including terbinafine efficacy and management of treatment failure.
Main Results:
- Trichophyton tonsurans is the predominant cause in the UK.
- Terbinafine is a recommended safe and effective treatment.
- Dermoscopy aids in identifying subtle diagnostic signs.
- Exclusion from school is not necessary with proper treatment; family screening is recommended.
Conclusions:
- Prompt diagnosis and appropriate systemic/topical therapy are essential for Tinea capitis management.
- Mycological cure requires completion of treatment and follow-up.
- Molecular diagnostics may enhance future diagnosis.
- Emerging dermatophytoses due to global travel warrant consideration.
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