Map Learning with a 3D Printed Interactive Small-Scale Model: Improvement of Space and Text Memorization in Visually...

Area of Science:

• Special Education Technology
• Assistive Technology for the Visually Impaired
• Haptic Learning Environments

Background:

• Traditional raised-line maps (RLMs) present limitations for visually impaired students, including high production costs, inflexibility, and lack of interactivity.
• Current tools inadequately meet the dynamic needs of special education teachers and limit student autonomy in learning spatial concepts.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of interactive small-scale models (SSMs) as an educational tool for visually impaired students.
• To compare learning outcomes using SSMs versus traditional RLMs in a controlled study.

Main Methods:

• A collaborative design process involving a special education teacher to create an interactive SSM and a corresponding RLM.
• A comparative study with 24 visually impaired students assessing memorization of spatial layout and historical content under both RLM and SSM conditions.

Main Results:

• Interactive SSMs significantly improved memorization of both spatial layout and historical content compared to RLMs with braille legends.
• The study demonstrated enhanced learning outcomes for visually impaired students using the developed SSMs.

Conclusions:

• Affordable, home-made interactive SSMs are effective in improving learning for visually impaired students.
• These adaptable models offer a versatile solution for diverse teaching scenarios, including those with special needs.