Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.

Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications

Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications

Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation

Breathing

Breathing

The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Multicohort analysis unveils axon guidance pathways linking small for gestational age to spirometric restriction.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Profiling Peripheral Blood with an Optimized, Multiplexed, Single-cell Multiome Approach Supports an Insulin-driven Asthma Subtype.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

PrecISE-a biomarker-stratified adaptive trial of 5 interventions in severe asthma: Final protocol and the baseline cohort.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026

Same author

The Next Frontier Is Here: Targeted Systemic Therapies for Allergic and Immunologic Diseases.

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice·2026

Same author

The role of CC16 in the associations of preterm birth with lung function and asthma in adult life.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2025

Same author

Respiratory and nonrespiratory symptoms before age 1 year predict school-age asthma.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Published on: November 4, 2010

Small airways disease and severe asthma.

Tara F Carr¹, Roula Altisheh¹, Myron Zitt²

¹Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona USA.

The World Allergy Organization Journal

|June 27, 2017

Summary

Small airways disease impacts asthma control and exacerbation risk. Assessing this condition noninvasively aids in tailoring asthma treatments, particularly for severe cases.

More Related Videos

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2010

Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System

Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System

Published on: April 6, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Published on: November 4, 2010

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2010

Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System

Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System

Published on: April 6, 2017

Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Respiratory Medicine
Asthma Research

Background:

Small airways disease is prevalent in pediatric and adult asthma.
It is linked to asthma control, severity, and exacerbation risk.
Accurate assessment is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

To review techniques for assessing small airways disease in asthma.
To discuss the prevalence and characteristics of small airways disease in severe asthma.
To highlight the impact of small airways disease on severe asthma treatment.

Main Methods:

Surgical lung specimen evaluation for definitive diagnosis.
Noninvasive techniques: spirometry, plethysmography, nitrogen washout, impulse oscillometry, and cross-sectional imaging.
Longitudinal assessment of treatment response using these techniques.

Main Results:

Noninvasive methods can assess and infer the extent of small airways disease.
These techniques allow for longitudinal monitoring of treatment efficacy.
Patients with small airways disease may benefit from inhaled medications reaching distal lung compartments.

Conclusions:

Small airways disease significantly affects asthma outcomes.
Noninvasive assessment tools are vital for managing asthma, especially severe forms.
Understanding small airways disease is key to optimizing treatment strategies for severe asthma patients.