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Cardiovascular Health and Incident Hypertension in Blacks: JHS (The Jackson Heart Study)

John N Booth1, Marwah Abdalla1, Rikki M Tanner1

  • 1From the Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.N.B., R.M.T., S.G.B., G.S.T., P.M.); Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (M.A., K.M.D., D.S.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (A.C., M.S.); Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, NY (G.O., T.M.S.); and Department of Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (A.P.B.).

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|June 28, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Improving cardiovascular health significantly lowers hypertension risk in Black adults. Adhering to Life's Simple 7 metrics, like healthy diet and exercise, is key to preventing high blood pressure.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Hypertension Epidemiology
  • Preventive Cardiology

Background:

  • Modifiable health behaviors influence hypertension risk.
  • Life's Simple 7 is a metric for cardiovascular health.
  • The Jackson Heart Study (JHS) focuses on cardiovascular health in Black adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the association between cardiovascular health and incident hypertension in Black adults.
  • To analyze the impact of Life's Simple 7 components on hypertension development within the JHS cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1878 JHS participants without baseline hypertension or cardiovascular disease.
  • Assessment of Body Mass Index, physical activity, diet, smoking, blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose.
  • Categorization of health factors as ideal, intermediate, or poor using American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 definitions.
  • Incident hypertension defined by systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg, diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg, or antihypertensive medication use.
  • Median follow-up of 8.0 years.

Main Results:

  • 50.3% of participants developed hypertension during follow-up.
  • Participants with more ideal Life's Simple 7 components had significantly lower hypertension risk.
  • Hazard ratios for incident hypertension decreased substantially with an increasing number of ideal components (P-trend <0.001).
  • The association between cardiovascular health and hypertension risk was observed across different baseline blood pressure levels.

Conclusions:

  • Better cardiovascular health, as measured by Life's Simple 7, is strongly associated with a lower risk of developing hypertension in Black adults.
  • Public health initiatives promoting adherence to Life's Simple 7 components can be effective in hypertension prevention among Black populations.
  • Maintaining ideal cardiovascular health metrics is crucial for reducing the burden of hypertension in this demographic.

Keywords:
Life’s Simple 7blackbody mass indexcardiovascular healthdietexerciseincident hypertension

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