Patellofemoral pain in athletes

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Sports Medicine
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a common cause of anterior knee pain, particularly in athletes.
• While younger individuals often present with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) without structural damage, older patients may show signs of patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA).
• Dynamic valgus and lateral patellar maltracking are significant contributors to PFP development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline a comprehensive, nonoperative treatment strategy for patellofemoral pain.
• To identify key factors contributing to patellofemoral pain and maltracking.

Main Methods:

• Review of current evidence on patellofemoral pain management.
• Multimodal nonoperative treatment approach including medication, bracing, exercise, and orthoses.

Main Results:

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for short-term pain relief.
• Medial taping or braces for passive correction of patellar maltracking.
• Targeted exercises for hip, trunk, and lower extremity muscles to correct dynamic valgus.
• Foot orthoses for individuals with associated foot abnormalities.

Conclusions:

• A tailored, multimodal, nonoperative approach is the most effective management strategy for patellofemoral pain.
• Addressing dynamic valgus and patellar maltracking through a combination of interventions is crucial for successful outcomes.