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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

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Preparation and Characterization of Individual and Multi-drug Loaded Physically Entrapped Polymeric Micelles
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Tunable delayed controlled release profile from layered polymeric microparticles.

D Dutta1, C Fauer1, K Hickey1

  • 1School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.

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|June 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed layered microparticles using poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) to control protein release timing. Ethanol and solvent evaporation parameters effectively modulated release delays for tissue engineering applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Composite microparticles (MPs) with layered structures are crucial for controlled protein release.
  • Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) are key polymers for fabricating these MPs.
  • Modulating protein release profiles is essential for advanced therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methods for controlling the delay period of protein release from layered MPs.
  • To explore the impact of solvent evaporation parameters and ethanol content on MP structure and protein release.
  • To establish ethanol as a novel agent for modulating release kinetics in PLGA/PLLA MPs.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of layered MPs using a water-in-oil-in-oil-in-water emulsion technique.
  • Systematic variation of solvent evaporation parameters (polymer precipitation rate, hardening time).
  • Incorporation of ethanol (EtOH) during the fabrication process to study its effect on release profiles.

Main Results:

  • Layered MPs fabricated with varied solvent evaporation parameters showed altered polymer and protein distribution, impacting release profiles.
  • Ethanol influenced protein distribution and potentially MP structural properties like porosity.
  • Differential delay periods (0-30 days) and total release periods (>58 days) were achieved by adjusting parameters and EtOH content.

Conclusions:

  • Solvent evaporation parameters and ethanol content are effective in modulating protein release kinetics from layered PLLA/PLGA MPs.
  • This study demonstrates ethanol as a novel tool for fine-tuning drug release from microparticle systems.
  • The developed layered MPs offer potential for delayed and sequential protein delivery in tissue engineering.