[New pharmacologic therapies for chronic heart failure]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Pharmacology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Heart failure presents a significant public health challenge due to high prevalence and incidence.
• There is a critical need for novel therapeutic strategies to prevent heart failure onset and mitigate associated morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current and emerging therapeutic approaches for heart failure.
• To highlight effective strategies for heart failure prevention and management.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on heart failure therapies.
• Analysis of evidence for specific drug classes and interventions.

Main Results:

• Optimized arterial hypertension therapy and SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin in type 2 diabetes are effective preventive strategies.
• Sacubitril/valsartan demonstrates superiority over ACE inhibitors in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
• Iron supplementation improves quality of life in iron-deficient heart failure patients with reduced systolic function.

Conclusions:

• While options for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction remain limited, advancements exist for reduced ejection fraction.
• Targeting lower serum concentrations of digitalis and considering iron supplementation are important clinical considerations.