Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 27, 2026
Microscopic Cyst Resection for the Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Epididymal Cyst
Published on: March 31, 2023
Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: A Review of the Literature
Shayna Gordon1, Caroline Fischer, Ann Martin
1*Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri; †Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.
Background:
Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare, locally aggressive cutaneous neoplasm that commonly occurs on the face.
Objective:
The purpose of this article is to comprehensively review the current literature on MAC pertaining to epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, histology, immunohistochemistry, prognosis, follow-up, and treatment.
Materials And Methods:
An extensive literature review was conducted using OVID MEDLINE and PubMed to identify articles relating to MAC.
Results:
Microcystic adnexal carcinoma typically presents as a skin-colored nodule on the face. The pathogenesis is mostly related to pilar and eccrine differentiation. Histologically, MAC can mimic syringoma, desmoplastic trichoepithelioma, and infiltrative basal cell carcinoma. Diagnosis is challenging because superficial shave biopsies may reveal only benign findings that do not warrant further management. A deep biopsy is mandatory for the correct diagnosis, and Mohs micrographic surgery provides the highest cure rate.
Conclusion:
Microcystic adnexal carcinoma is a locally aggressive disease with histological margins that often far surpass what is clinically suspected. Mohs micrographic surgery is the standard of care for removal of these lesions. Patients with a history of MAC should be examined at least every 6 months for recurrence, metastasis, and development of additional skin cancers.
