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Related Concept Videos

Adsorption Isotherms I01:29

Adsorption Isotherms I

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Adsorption isotherms are mathematical models that describe how molecules in a gas or liquid phase interact with surfaces. Two of the most common isotherm models are the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, which relate to Type I monolayer chemisorption. The Langmuir model is based on four key assumptions:• Adsorption cannot exceed monolayer coverage.• All surface sites are equivalent.• Molecules adsorb only at vacant sites.• There are no interactions between adsorbed...
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Adsorption of Gases on Solids01:28

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Adsorption is a process where molecules, known as the adsorbates, accumulate on a surface, which is referred to as the adsorbent or substrate. Occurring at the solid-gas interface, this phenomenon is crucial in various scientific and industrial contexts. The reverse of adsorption is desorption.Two types of adsorptions exist: physical (physisorption) and chemical (chemisorption). Physisorption involves gas molecules held to the solid's surface by relatively weak intermolecular van der Waals...
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Adsorption Isotherms II01:25

Adsorption Isotherms II

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Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) introduced a theory in 1938 that modified Langmuir's assumptions to explain multilayer physical adsorption. This theory is applicable to Type II isotherms and provides a more realistic picture of adsorption processes. The BET theory assumes a uniform solid surface with localized adsorption sites, where adsorption at one site doesn't affect adsorption at neighboring sites. This theory also allows for the possibility of additional molecules being adsorbed on top...
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Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

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Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the...
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Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Assumption with Protein Binding01:13

Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Assumption with Protein Binding

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Physiological models with protein binding in pharmacokinetics offer a sophisticated approach to understanding drug disposition. These models consider drug-protein interactions, enabling them to effectively predict drug concentrations in different organs and tissues. This precision aids in accurate drug dosing, providing a significant advantage over conventional models. A key process within these models is equilibration, which ensures that drug concentrations achieve a steady state within the...
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One-Compartment Open Model for Extravascular Administration: First-Order Absorption Model01:15

One-Compartment Open Model for Extravascular Administration: First-Order Absorption Model

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The first-order absorption model for extravascular administration describes the rate at which a drug is absorbed and eliminated, following the principles of first-order kinetics. This model is vital as it provides a mathematical representation of drug behavior within the body. It also allows for the prediction and interpretation of drug absorption and elimination based on the rate of change in drug concentration over time. This model can be visualized as a plasma concentration-time profile...
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Modified Random Sequential Adsorption Model for Understanding Kinetics of Proteins Adsorption at a Liquid-Solid

Hwall Min1, Eugene Freeman1, Weiwei Zhang1

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, §Materials Research Institute, ∥Department of Chemistry, and ⊥Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|June 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study measures human serum albumin (HSA) adsorption on gold surfaces, revealing that protein diffusion slows near the surface, limiting adsorption rates. This finding explains the observed slowdown in HSA adsorption kinetics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Surface Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Protein adsorption on surfaces is crucial for biomaterials and biosensors.
  • Understanding adsorption kinetics informs surface design and device performance.
  • Hydrophobic surfaces like hexadecanethiolated gold present unique adsorption challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally measure and model the adsorption kinetics of human serum albumin (HSA) on a hydrophobic gold surface.
  • To investigate the asymptotic behavior and jamming limit of HSA adsorption.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, including interfacial transport and protein orientation.

Main Methods:

  • Real-time adsorption measurements using quartz crystal resonators (83 MHz).
  • Development and application of an interface-depletion modified random sequential adsorption (RSA) model.
  • Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the ReaxFF method to study protein behavior at the interface.

Main Results:

  • Experimental data aligns with the interface-depletion modified RSA model.
  • MD simulations reveal specific protein orientation and significantly reduced diffusion at the interface.
  • An interfacial depletion region forms, reducing protein supply and slowing adsorption.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates the mechanism behind the slowdown of HSA adsorption on hydrophobic surfaces.
  • Reduced protein diffusion and specific orientation at the interface are key factors.
  • The developed RSA model accurately describes the observed adsorption kinetics.