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The corneal nerve density in the sub-basal plexus decreases with increasing myopia: a pilot study
Wendy W Harrison1, Nicole M Putnam1, Christine Shukis1
1Midwestern University Arizona College of Optometry, Glendale, Arizona, USA.
Summary
High myopia is linked to reduced corneal nerve density. This finding is crucial for understanding risks associated with refractive surgery and contact lens wear in patients with myopia.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Myopia is a global health concern requiring vision correction.
- High myopia can lead to ocular health changes.
- Corneal nerve density is vital for ocular surface health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of high myopia on central corneal nerve density.
- To compare sub-basal nerve plexus density in individuals with various refractive errors.
Main Methods:
- Seventy healthy adults (21-50 years) with refractive errors (hyperopia, emmetropia, low myopia, high myopia) participated.
- Confocal microscopy was used to measure sub-basal nerve plexus density in the central cornea.
- Autorefraction, keratometry, corneal thickness, and axial length were assessed.
Main Results:
- Corneal nerve density significantly decreased as myopia increased (p < 0.001).
- A significant relationship was found between axial length and nerve density (p < 0.04).
- No differences in keratometry or corneal thickness were observed between groups.
Conclusions:
- Corneal nerve density in the sub-basal plexus diminishes with increasing myopia.
- Findings suggest potential implications for corneal surgery and contact lens tolerance in myopic patients.
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