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Related Concept Videos

Physiological Barriers01:25

Physiological Barriers

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Physiological barriers are semi-permeable cellular structures restricting drug diffusion into intracellular compartments and tissues. There are six types of physiological barriers: blood endothelial, cell membrane, blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood-placenta, and blood-testis barriers.
The blood endothelial barrier is the most porous of these. It allows all small ionized, un-ionized, and lipophilic molecules to pass through the endothelial lining into the interstitial space...
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Programming microphysiological systems for children's health protection.

T B Knudsen1, B Klieforth2, W Slikker3

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|June 30, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New microphysiological systems (MPS) and computational models offer advanced methods for assessing chemical impacts on development. These tools are crucial for children

Keywords:
Developmentalcomputationalconceptusorgansystemstoxicology

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental toxicology
  • Computational biology
  • Biomedical engineering

Background:

  • Microphysiological systems (MPS) and computational models are emerging tools for assessing chemical effects on development.
  • Their application is crucial for children's health research, evaluating complex embryological and reproductive impacts of drug/chemical exposure.
  • Scaling these technologies for higher throughput is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize research needs and opportunities for engineered MPS models in developmental and reproductive toxicity testing.
  • To explore the potential of these models for assessing chemical stressors on human development.
  • To advance children's health research and safety assessments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing cellular agent-based models constructed from embryology data to simulate developmental transitions.
  • Developing biologically inspired MPS models using human induced pluripotent stem (iPS)-derived cells and synthetic matrices.
  • Recapitulating organ-specific physiologies and native tissue architectures.

Main Results:

  • These models provide data to simulate critical developmental transitions and predict phenotypic consequences of disruption in silico.
  • Engineered MPS models offer new research opportunities for developmental toxicity assessment.
  • The development of a 'human on a chip' system ('Homunculus') is a possibility.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered MPS models and virtual tissue frameworks can advance developmental and reproductive toxicity testing.
  • These approaches can inform safety assessments for chemical and non-chemical stressors on human development.
  • The models will advance both basic and translational children's health research.