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Related Concept Videos

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature01:16

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature

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The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
Regions of the Vertebral Column
In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form...
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Muscles of the Vertebral Column01:27

Muscles of the Vertebral Column

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The back muscles that lie deep into the thoracolumbar fascia are called intrinsic or true back muscles. These muscles are divided into four layers: superficial, intermediate, deep, and deepest layers.
Superficial Layer:
The superficial layer consists primarily of the splenius muscles, which include the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis. These muscles are mainly responsible for the head and cervical spine movements, including extension, rotation, and lateral bending. The splenius capitis...
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General Structure of a Vertebra01:30

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A typical vertebra, with the exception of the sacrum and coccyx, consists of a body, a vertebral arch, and seven different projections termed processes. The anterior portion of the vertebrae, the body, supports about half the body’s weight. The vertebral bodies progressively increase in size and thickness from the cervical region to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The intervertebral discs present between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae firmly unites them, forming a continuous...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Modified Posterior Vertebral Column Resection for Patients with Thoracolumbar Kyphotic Deformity
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Modified Posterior Vertebral Column Resection for Patients with Thoracolumbar Kyphotic Deformity

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Vertebral Column Resection for Rigid Spinal Deformity.

Comron Saifi1, Joseph L Laratta1, Petros Petridis1

  • 1Columbia University Medical Center, The Spine Hospital, New York-Presbyterian Healthcare System, New York, NY, USA.

Global Spine Journal
|June 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Posterior vertebral column resection offers significant correction for severe spinal deformities. However, this powerful osteotomy technique carries risks of infection and neurologic injury, even with experienced surgeons.

Keywords:
VCRadult spinal deformitykyphosisosteotomyscoliosisspinal deformityspine surgeryvertebral column resection

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Area of Science:

  • Spine surgery
  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Deformity correction

Background:

  • Severe spinal malalignments require effective corrective techniques.
  • Posterior vertebral column resection (PVCR) is a powerful osteotomy for complex spinal deformities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution, operative technique, outcomes, and complications of posterior vertebral column resection.
  • To discuss the authors' experience and existing literature on PVCR.

Main Methods:

  • Broad narrative literature review of posterior vertebral column resection.
  • Detailed outline of the authors' surgical technique.
  • Discussion of authors' experience and literature findings.

Main Results:

  • PVCR achieves 50-70% correction for severe spinal deformities.
  • Surgical site infection rates are between 2.9% and 9.7%.
  • Neurologic injury rates range from 0% to 13.8% (transient) and 0% to 6.3% (permanent).

Conclusions:

  • Posterior vertebral column resection is the most effective posterior osteotomy for correcting rigid, complex spinal deformities.
  • Despite its power, PVCR is associated with significant morbidity, including infection and neurologic injury.
  • Meticulous technique is crucial to minimize risks, but complications can occur even in experienced hands.