Fluorescence lifetime based bioassays

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Optics
• Fluorescence Spectroscopy
• Life Sciences

Background:

• Fluorescence lifetime (FLT) is a fundamental material property of fluorescent substances.
• FLT measurement has transitioned from a niche laboratory technique to a vital tool in various scientific fields.
• Advancements in laser and detection technology, alongside the development of FLT probes and assays, have fueled this evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of current Fluorescence Lifetime-based bioassays.
• To highlight the diverse applications of FLT in biomedical and life science research.
• To discuss emerging trends and future directions in FLT technologies.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature and technological advancements in FLT measurement.
• Analysis of two primary approaches: high-throughput in vitro assays and time/spatially resolved fluorescence lifetime imaging.
• Examination of instrumentation, probes, and assay development.

Main Results:

• FLT-based bioassays are increasingly utilized in drug discovery, medical diagnostics, and fundamental biological research.
• Two main methodologies have emerged: high-throughput assays and fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM).
• FLIM enables high-resolution investigations in cell lines, tissues, and even living animals.

Conclusions:

• Fluorescence lifetime measurements represent a robust and versatile technique with expanding applications in life sciences.
• The integration of FLT with imaging (FLIM) is a significant trend, enabling in vivo studies.
• Continued technological innovation promises further advancements in FLT-based bioassays and their diagnostic capabilities.