Efficacy of Substance Removal by Immunoadsorption With a Selective Plasma Separator

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Immunology
• Hematology

Background:

• Tryptophan-conjugated immunoadsorption has limitations in capacity and fibrinogen reduction.
• Selective plasma separators may offer improved immunoglobulin removal efficiency compared to ordinary methods.
• Maintaining coagulation factor integrity during immunoadsorption is crucial for treatment efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the in vitro efficacy of immunoadsorption using a selective plasma separator.
• To compare the immunoglobulin removal capacity and impact on coagulation factors between selective and ordinary plasma separators.
• To assess the potential for more frequent and intensive immunoadsorption treatments.

Main Methods:

• In vitro study analyzing sieving coefficients, pool concentration, and adsorbed amounts.
• Processing up to 5 L of plasma with both selective and ordinary plasma separators.
• Serial investigation of albumin, immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses, factor 13, and fibrinogen levels.

Main Results:

• Selective plasma separators demonstrated varying sieving coefficients for different proteins (albumin: 0.8, IgG: 0.5, factor 13: 0.1).
• The selective separator doubled the plasma volume processed for effective IgG, IgG1, or IgG2 removal compared to the ordinary separator.
• While IgG, IgG1, and IgG2 removal amounts were similar, the selective separator showed reduced removal of albumin, fibrinogen, and IgG3.

Conclusions:

• Immunoadsorption with a selective plasma separator supports more frequent and intensive treatments for IgG1 or IgG2 removal.
• This method appears to preserve coagulation factors more effectively than ordinary immunoadsorption.
• Further research on bradykinin is warranted to fully understand the implications of selective plasma separation in immunoadsorption therapies.