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Published on: March 15, 2024
Mangiferin induces cell death against rhabdomyosarcoma through sustained oxidative stress
Vishwanadha Vijaya Padma1, Palanisamy Kalaiselvi1, Rangasamy Yuvaraj2
1Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Background:
Embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) is the most prevalent type of cancer among children. The present study aimed to investigate cell death induced by mangiferin in RD cells.
Methods:
The Inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of mangiferin was determined by an MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay. Cell death induced by mangiferin against RD cells was determined through lactate dehydrogenase and nitric oxide release, intracellular calcium levels, reactive oxygen species generation, antioxidant status, mitochondrial calcium level, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining was performed to determine early/late apoptotic event.
Results:
Mangiferin induced cell death in RD cells with an IC50 value of 70 μM. The cytotoxic effect was reflected in a dose-dependent increase in lactate dehydrogenase leakage and nitric oxide release during mangiferin treatment. Mangiferin caused dose dependent increase in reactive oxygen species generation, intracellular calcium levels with subsequent decrease in antioxidant status (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione) and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in RD cells. Further data from fluorescence microscopy suggest that mangiferin caused cell shrinkage and nuclear condensation along with the occurrence of a late event of apoptosis.
Conclusion:
Results of the present study shows that mangiferin can act as a promising chemopreventive agent against RD by inducing sustained oxidative stress.
Insights
Mangiferin induces cell death in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) by increasing oxidative stress and promoting apoptosis. This natural compound shows potential as a chemopreventive agent against this childhood cancer.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) is a common childhood cancer.
- Investigating novel therapeutic agents for RD is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of mangiferin in inducing cell death in RD cells.
- To elucidate the mechanisms underlying mangiferin-induced cytotoxicity.
Main Methods:
- Mangiferin's inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined using an MTT assay.
- Cell death markers including lactate dehydrogenase, nitric oxide, intracellular calcium, and reactive oxygen species were measured.
- Mitochondrial function and apoptotic events were assessed via various assays and fluorescence microscopy.
Main Results:
- Mangiferin exhibited an IC50 of 70 μM against RD cells.
- A dose-dependent increase in cell death markers and oxidative stress was observed.
- Mangiferin induced apoptosis, characterized by cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential.
Conclusions:
- Mangiferin demonstrates significant chemopreventive potential against rhabdomyosarcoma.
- The compound induces cell death through sustained oxidative stress and apoptosis in RD cells.
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