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Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; why does it occur segmentally?

Michio Nagata1, Namiko Kobayashi2, Satoshi Hara3

  • 1Kidney and Vascular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ten-nodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba-City, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan. nagatam@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.

Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology
|July 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Podocyte loss drives glomerulosclerosis, a kidney disease. Segmental sclerosis in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) appears to be a protective response to halt protein leakage from damaged kidney filters.

Keywords:
Foam cellsFocal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)MicroangiopathyParietal cellsPodocyte loss

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Renal Pathology
  • Glomerular Diseases

Background:

  • Podocyte loss is the primary driver of glomerulosclerosis.
  • Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) exemplifies podocyte loss-induced glomerulosclerosis.
  • FSGS pathology includes focal and segmental sclerotic lesions with intra- and extra-capillary changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular pathways underlying the local cellular response to podocyte loss.
  • To elucidate the progression of podocyte loss to sclerosis.
  • To discuss recent findings on the cellular basis of glomerular response to podocyte injury.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature.
  • Analysis of studies using toxin-induced podocyte-specific injury.
  • Discussion of molecular pathways and cellular events in FSGS pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Local cellular events initiated by podocyte loss form the basis of segmental lesions in FSGS.
  • Recent research has identified the cellular basis of the glomerular response to podocyte loss.
  • Segmental sclerosis may represent a physiological response to prevent further protein leakage.

Conclusions:

  • Podocyte loss is central to FSGS development.
  • Understanding the molecular pathways of the response to podocyte loss is crucial for FSGS research.
  • Segmental sclerosis may be a protective mechanism of the kidney.