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Related Concept Videos

Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

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The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
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Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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Using a Cyclic Ion Mobility Spectrometer for Tandem Ion Mobility Experiments
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Maximizing Ion Transmission in Differential Mobility Spectrometry.

Bradley B Schneider1, Frank Londry2, Erkinjon G Nazarov2

  • 1SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, ON, L4K 4V8, Canada. bradley.schneider@sciex.com.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|July 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) signal loss is minimized by optimizing parameters and a new cell design. This novel configuration significantly enhances ion signal by reducing residence time in fringing fields.

Keywords:
Computational fluid dynamicsDifferential mobility spectrometryIon transmissionMass SpectrometrySimulations

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) is a powerful analytical technique for separating ions.
  • Understanding ion loss mechanisms is crucial for optimizing DMS performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and quantify dominant ion loss mechanisms in a commercial DMS system.
  • To develop strategies for minimizing ion losses and enhancing signal intensity.
  • To introduce a novel DMS cell design for improved ion transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Computational modeling of ion motion within the DMS analyzer.
  • Experimental measurements of ion signal under varying operating conditions.
  • Analysis of ion losses due to diffusion, fragmentation, and fringing fields.

Main Results:

  • Diffusion and radial oscillations can be minimized through careful control of residence time, electrode spacing, gas flow, and waveform frequency.
  • Ion fragmentation is reduced by limiting the separation field strength.
  • Fringing field effects at the DMS inlet were identified as a major contributor to signal loss in the original design.
  • A new DMS cell configuration with improved gas dynamics reduced ion residence time in the fringing field region.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing operational parameters significantly reduces ion losses in DMS.
  • A novel DMS cell design offers a twofold increase in ion signal, demonstrating improved gas dynamics and reduced fringing field effects.