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FGF1 - a new weapon to control type 2 diabetes mellitus
Emanuel Gasser1, Christopher P Moutos1,2,3, Michael Downes1
1Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies.
Nature Reviews. Endocrinology
|July 1, 2017
Summary
Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) shows promise for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by safely restoring normal blood glucose levels. A single injection of FGF1 can effectively manage hyperglycemia without adverse effects like hypoglycemia.
Area of Science:
- Metabolic research
- Endocrinology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Hypercaloric diets and sedentary lifestyles contribute to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
- Current T2DM treatments have limitations, including adverse effects and the need for escalating dosages.
- Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) and its variants present a novel therapeutic avenue for euglycemia management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms of fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) in regulating glucose homeostasis.
- To explore FGF1's potential for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) safely and effectively.
- To compare FGF1's metabolic actions with related FGF family members.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on FGF1's effects on glucose metabolism.
- Analysis of FGF1's impact on central glucose-sensing and peripheral glucose uptake.
- Exploration of FGF1's interaction with neuronal circuits and stem cells.
Main Results:
- Single peripheral FGF1 injections rapidly normalize glucose levels without hypoglycemia.
- Central FGF1 administration can induce long-lasting remission of the diabetic phenotype.
- FGF1 influences glucose control through mechanisms involving neuronal circuits and synaptic plasticity.
Conclusions:
- FGF1 represents a promising therapeutic agent for T2DM, offering durable glucose control.
- Central FGF1 administration may restore normal glucose metabolism by enhancing central glucose-sensing.
- Further research into FGF1's therapeutic applications and comparisons with FGF15/19/21 is warranted.
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