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Rotavirus Gastroenteritis is Associated with Increased Morbidity and Mortality in Children with Inherited Metabolic

A Smith1, M Mannion1, P O'Reilly1

  • 1National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disease, Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Dublin.

Irish Medical Journal
|July 1, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Infants with inborn errors of metabolism (IIM) experience more severe rotavirus infections, requiring longer hospital stays and IV fluid treatment. Vaccination is recommended for this vulnerable group.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Rotavirus is a primary cause of severe diarrhea in children globally.
  • Certain populations, such as those with inborn errors of metabolism (IIM), face higher risks of rotavirus morbidity and mortality.
  • While mortality is low in Ireland, IIM populations exhibit increased susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the severity of rotavirus infection in children with IIM versus healthy controls.
  • To highlight the increased healthcare needs of IIM patients during rotavirus infection.
  • To inform vaccination strategies for vulnerable pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 14 pediatric patients with confirmed IIM and rotavirus infection.
  • Comparison with 14 age-matched healthy controls admitted between 2010-2015.
  • Analysis of length of hospital stay and requirement for intravenous (IV) fluid therapy.

Main Results:

  • IIM patients had a significantly longer median hospital stay (7 days) compared to controls (1.5 days).
  • IIM patients required IV fluids for a longer average duration (4.5 days) than controls (0.63 days).
  • Rotavirus infection demonstrated increased morbidity in IIM patients.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus infection poses a greater burden on children with IIM.
  • This vulnerable population is likely to benefit from the rotavirus oral vaccine introduced in 2016.
  • Enhanced surveillance and preventative measures are crucial for IIM patients.

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