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Electronic Structure of Atoms02:28

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An atom comprises protons and neutrons, which are contained inside the dense, central core called the nucleus, with electrons present around the nucleus. Taking into account the wave–particle duality of electrons and the uncertainty in position around the nucleus, quantum mechanics provides a more accurate model for the atomic structure. It describes atomic orbitals as the regions around the nucleus where electrons of discrete energy exist, characterized by four quantum...
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Irradiation of a spin-active nucleus causes an increase or decrease in the signal intensity of neighboring nuclei that are not necessarily chemically bonded or involved in J-coupling. This phenomenon, called the nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE), results from through-space interactions between the nuclear spins. The NOE effect decreases with increasing internuclear distance and is generally not observed beyond 4 angstroms. In NOE, dipole-dipole interactions between neighboring spin-active...
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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
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Nucleon Structure Functions from Operator Product Expansion on the Lattice.

A J Chambers1, R Horsley2, Y Nakamura3

  • 1CSSM, Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.

Physical Review Letters
|July 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We present a new method to calculate nucleon structure functions from first principles using lattice quantum chromodynamics. This approach directly computes structure functions from the Compton amplitude, overcoming previous computational challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Quantum Chromodynamics
  • Particle Physics

Background:

  • Deep-inelastic scattering experiments probe the internal structure of nucleons.
  • Understanding nucleon structure functions is crucial for fundamental physics.
  • Previous lattice calculations were limited to model-dependent approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, first-principles method for computing nucleon structure functions.
  • To overcome limitations in current lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculations.
  • To enable direct computation of structure functions from the Compton amplitude.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the operator product expansion (OPE) on the lattice.
  • Directly computing structure functions from the virtual Compton amplitude.
  • Addressing issues of renormalization and operator mixing in lattice calculations.

Main Results:

  • A new method for calculating structure functions directly from the Compton amplitude is proposed.
  • The method circumvents challenges in lattice calculations of power corrections and higher moments.
  • This facilitates first-principles computation of nucleon structure functions.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method offers a significant advancement for lattice QCD calculations of structure functions.
  • It paves the way for more accurate, first-principles determination of nucleon properties.
  • This research overcomes key hurdles in understanding quark-gluon interactions within nucleons.