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Solving the Quantum Many-Body Problem via Correlations Measured with a Momentum Microscope.

S S Hodgman1, R I Khakimov1, R J Lewis-Swan2,3

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Researchers measured multiparticle momentum correlations in ultracold helium atoms. This provides a new method to solve quantum many-body problems and extract the pairing field amplitude.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Atomic physics
  • Many-body theory

Background:

  • Physical observables in quantum many-body theory are described by correlation functions.
  • Measuring these correlation functions offers an operational solution to the quantum many-body problem.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the measurement of multiparticle momentum correlations as a solution to the quantum many-body problem.
  • To extract the pairing field amplitude from ultracold helium atoms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a quantum many-body momentum microscope.
  • Measured multiparticle momentum correlations up to third order between ultracold helium atoms in an s-wave scattering halo of colliding Bose-Einstein condensates.

Main Results:

  • Successfully extracted the pairing field amplitude, a fundamental component of higher-order correlations.
  • Demonstrated a record violation of the classical Cauchy-Schwarz inequality for correlated atom pairs and triples.

Conclusions:

  • Measuring multiparticle momentum correlations is a viable approach to solving quantum many-body problems.
  • This technique offers potential new insights into unconventional superconductivity and many-body localization.