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Related Concept Videos

Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
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Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways01:41

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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
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Determination01:51

Determination

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

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The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
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Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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A Co-Culture Method to Study Neurite Outgrowth in Response to Dental Pulp Paracrine Signals
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Signaling Pathways Critical for Tooth Root Formation.

J Wang1,2, J Q Feng1

  • 11 Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA.

Journal of Dental Research
|July 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic short root anomaly (SRA) reveals distinct control mechanisms for tooth root and crown formation. Nuclear factor I C (Nfic) plays a key role in root development, offering insights into tooth size and bio-tooth generation.

Keywords:
NFICcell signalingdentinodontogenesisosterixtooth regeneration

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oral Biology

Background:

  • Tooth development involves distinct processes for crown and root formation.
  • Genetic short root anomaly (SRA) affects approximately 1.3% of the population and predisposes individuals to root resorption.
  • Nuclear factor I C (Nfic) has emerged as a crucial regulator of root dentin formation, distinct from crown development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the genetic mechanisms controlling tooth root formation.
  • To highlight the roles of NFIC-dependent and NFIC-independent signaling pathways in root development.
  • To discuss the utility of Cre transgenic mouse models in studying tooth root formation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on tooth root development.
  • Analysis of genetic factors and signaling pathways involved in root formation.
  • Compilation and evaluation of Cre transgenic mouse lines for gene manipulation in tooth development.

Main Results:

  • Nfic uniquely regulates root dentin formation, supporting distinct control mechanisms for tooth crown and root.
  • Key molecules like Osterix, β-catenin, and sonic hedgehog are critical for root formation.
  • Hertwig's epithelial root sheath and Wnt10a signaling are essential for root development and tooth furcation.

Conclusions:

  • Tooth crown and root formation are governed by different genetic pathways.
  • Understanding these pathways, particularly NFIC's role, is crucial for addressing SRA and guiding future research.
  • Advances in genetic models facilitate the study of factors controlling tooth root size and the potential for bio-engineered tooth generation.