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Does Implementation Follow Design? A Case Study of a Workplace Health Promotion Program Using the 4-S Program Design
Antti Hermanni Äikäs1, Nicolaas P Pronk, Mirja Hannele Hirvensalo
1Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland (Mr Äikäs); Health Partners, Minneapolis, Minnesota (Dr Pronk); Harvard University, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Pronk); Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland (Dr Hirvensalo); University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition (Dr Absetz); and University of Tampere, School of Health Sciences, Tampere, Finland (Dr Absetz).
Objective:
The aim of this study was to describe the content of a multiyear market-based workplace health promotion (WHP) program and to evaluate design and implementation processes in a real-world setting.
Methods:
Data was collected from the databases of the employer and the service provider. It was classified using the 4-S (Size, Scope, Scalability, and Sustainability) and PIPE Impact Metric (Penetration, Implementation) models. Data analysis utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods.
Results:
Program design covered well the evidence-informed best practices except for clear path toward sustainability, cooperation with occupational health care, and support from middle-management supervisors. The penetration rate among participants was high (99%) and majority (81%) of services were implemented as designed.
Conclusion:
Study findings indicate that WHP market would benefit the use of evidence-based design principles and tendentious decisions to anticipate a long-term implementation process already during the planning phase.
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