Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

6.6K
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
6.6K
Divergence and Stokes' Theorems01:06

Divergence and Stokes' Theorems

4.0K
The divergence and Stokes' theorems are a variation of Green's theorem in a higher dimension. They are also a generalization of the fundamental theorem of calculus. The divergence theorem and Stokes' theorem are in a way similar to each other; The divergence theorem relates to the dot product of a vector, while Stokes' theorem relates to the curl of a vector. Many applications in physics and engineering make use of the divergence and Stokes' theorems, enabling us to write...
4.0K
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

1.5K
Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
1.5K
EDTA: Conditional Formation Constant01:09

EDTA: Conditional Formation Constant

2.2K
Each EDTA molecule has six binding sites: four carboxyl groups and two amino groups. The fully protonated form of EDTA is represented as H6Y2+. However, it can exist in different forms, H5Y+, H4Y, H3Y−, H2Y2−, and HY3−, depending on the pH of the solution. In very basic solutions with pH > 10.17, the fully deprotonated form, Y4−, is the predominant species that readily complexes with metal ions in a 1:1 ratio.
For the equilibrium reaction of the metal with the...
2.2K
Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients01:14

Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients

5.2K
The distribution law or Nernst's distribution law is the law that governs the distribution of a solute between two immiscible solvents. This law, also known as the partition law, states that if a solute is added to the mixture of two immiscible solvents at a constant temperature, the solute is distributed between the two solvents in such a way that the ratio of solute concentrations in the solvents remains constant at equilibrium.
For extracting a solute from an aqueous phase into an...
5.2K
Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

4.1K
Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Wastewater-based sequencing of respiratory syncytial virus to investigate lineage dynamics and antigenic site mutations: a retrospective genomic epidemiology study.

The Lancet. Microbe·2026
Same author

SciPhy: A Bayesian phylogenetic framework using sequential genetic lineage tracing data.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Assessing the inference of single-cell phylogenies and population dynamics from CRISPR lineage recordings.

PLoS computational biology·2026
Same author

Extensive cryptic circulation sustains mpox among men who have sex with men.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Durability of doxycycline effectiveness against gonorrhoea after implementation of post-exposure prophylaxis in southern California, USA: a retrospective, test-negative, observational study.

The Lancet. Infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Viral introductions and return to baseline sexual behaviors maintain low-level mpox incidence in Los Angeles.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Segmentally Duplicated Regulatory Elements Undergo Human-Specific Rewiring.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

The life history of recessive deleterious alleles as seen through the eyes of a honey bee (Apis mellifera).

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

Severe bottleneck of ancient Homo populations: Insights from computational modeling and relevant fossil evidence.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

Population Epigenetics: Deciphering DNA Methylation Diversity and its Implications for Health, Disease, and Evolution.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

Genomic signature of repeated transitions to diurnality in spiders.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

Phylogenomic blind spots: The limits of UCE and BUSCO loci in the presence of gene flow.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures
08:02

Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures

Published on: May 31, 2024

1.5K

The Structured Coalescent and Its Approximations.

Nicola F Müller1,2, David A Rasmussen1,2, Tanja Stadler1,2

  • 1Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|July 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phylogeographic methods reveal gene flow, but common approaches have biases. This study introduces an exact numerical solution to the structured coalescent, improving migration rate estimations in population genetics.

Keywords:
infectious diseasesmigrationphylodynamicsphylogeneticsphylogeographypopulation structure

More Related Videos

Structure Solution of the Fluorescent Protein Cerulean Using MeshAndCollect
06:42

Structure Solution of the Fluorescent Protein Cerulean Using MeshAndCollect

Published on: March 19, 2019

6.2K
Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
10:56

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

12.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures
08:02

Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures

Published on: May 31, 2024

1.5K
Structure Solution of the Fluorescent Protein Cerulean Using MeshAndCollect
06:42

Structure Solution of the Fluorescent Protein Cerulean Using MeshAndCollect

Published on: March 19, 2019

6.2K
Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
10:56

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

12.6K

Area of Science:

  • Population Genetics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Phylogeographic methods analyze gene flow using sequence data and sample locations.
  • Existing methods often equate migration with mutation, ignoring population demography and leading to biased migration rate estimates.
  • The structured coalescent models migration and coalescent processes but struggles with complex datasets due to ancestral migration history inference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address limitations in phylogeographic and structured coalescent methods for accurately estimating migration rates.
  • To develop a novel, exact numerical solution to the structured coalescent that bypasses ancestral migration history inference.
  • To validate and improve upon existing approximations of the structured coalescent.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an exact numerical solution to the structured coalescent model.
  • Utilized the exact solution to clarify assumptions of approximate methods.
  • Implemented improved approximations within the BEAST2 software package.
  • Compared the performance of different methods across various simulated scenarios.

Main Results:

  • The exact numerical solution provides a benchmark for evaluating approximations.
  • The study identified limitations in previously developed approximate structured coalescent methods.
  • An improved approximation to the structured coalescent was derived and implemented.
  • Comparative analyses demonstrated the performance of the new methods under different data conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The exact structured coalescent offers a robust framework for understanding migration processes.
  • The developed approximation enhances the accuracy and applicability of structured coalescent methods for complex datasets.
  • The implementation in BEAST2 facilitates the application of these advanced phylogeographic techniques.