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Nanoparticles for live cell microscopy: A surface-enhanced Raman scattering perspective.

Maria Navas-Moreno1, Majid Mehrpouyan2, Tatyana Chernenko2

  • 1University of California-Davis, Center for Biophotonics, Sacramento, 95817, USA.

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Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoparticles offer stable, multiplexed biological labeling. However, their rapid uptake and intracellular trafficking in live cells limit their use for monitoring dynamic surface biomarker expression.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoparticles are promising for biological labeling due to photostability and multiplexing.
  • Nanoparticle characteristics (size, shape, surface) and protein corona formation impact cell interactions.
  • Antibody multivalency also affects nanoparticle-antibody conjugate performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate SERS nanoparticles as probes for live cell imaging.
  • To investigate nanoparticle-cell interactions and trafficking in live cells.
  • To compare SERS nanoparticle labeling with fluorescent probes for cell dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized SERS nanoparticles targeting HER2 and CD44 biomarkers on breast cancer cells.
  • Labeled both fixed and live cells to assess specificity and dynamics.
  • Compared SERS nanoparticle behavior with fluorescent antibody conjugates in live cells.

Main Results:

  • Achieved specific labeling of fixed cells with SERS nanoparticles, comparable to fluorescent labels.
  • Observed rapid nanoparticle uptake and intracellular compartmentalization in live cells.
  • Demonstrated that nanoparticle internalization contrasts sharply with fluorescent probe behavior.

Conclusions:

  • SERS nanoparticles can achieve specific labeling in fixed cells.
  • Nanoparticle internalization and intracellular trafficking impede live cell surface monitoring.
  • The dynamics of SERS nanoparticle-cell interactions must be considered for live imaging applications.