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Biomarkers in Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Jonas Rusnak1, Christian Fastner1, Michael Behnes1

  • 1First Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim. Germany.

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
|July 4, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Novel biomarkers like hs-CRP and hs-troponin show promise in predicting coronary artery disease (CAD) risk beyond traditional scores. However, an ideal single biomarker for CAD detection is still lacking.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Research
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality globally.
  • Current risk management for CAD relies on established scores, but novel biomarkers are sought for improved prediction and early detection.
  • Interest is growing in inflammatory, lipid-associated, and organ-specific biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review selected novel biomarkers for their utility in predicting adverse coronary events and detecting subclinical CAD.
  • To assess the role of inflammatory markers (fibrinogen, hs-CRP), lipid-associated markers (Lipoprotein associated PA2, Lipoprotein a), and organ-specific markers (hs-troponin, Cystatin C, NTproBNP).

Main Methods:

  • A PubMed search was conducted focusing on specific biomarkers: fibrinogen, hs-CRP, Lipoprotein associated PA2, Lipoprotein a, hs-troponin, NT-proBNP, and Cystatin C.
  • Analysis included 149 retrieved references comprising meta-analyses, prospective, and retrospective studies.
  • Current clinical guidelines from major cardiology societies (ESC, AHA, CCS) were reviewed for biomarker implementation recommendations.

Main Results:

  • The review identified promising individual biomarkers and multi-marker models for CAD risk prediction and detection.
  • Selected biomarkers demonstrated potential in identifying patients at risk beyond conventional risk assessment tools.
  • Analysis of guidelines indicated varying recommendations for incorporating these novel biomarkers into clinical practice.

Conclusions:

  • Novel biomarkers offer added value in identifying patients at risk for CAD, surpassing the predictive capabilities of established risk scores.
  • Despite advancements, a single, ideal biomarker that meets all criteria for comprehensive CAD detection and risk stratification remains elusive.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary artery diseasebiomarkersinflammatory biomarkerslipid-related biomarkerslipoproteinsorganspecific biomarkers

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