Scrapie: concept of a virus-induced amyloidosis of the brain

After an intraperitoneal infection disease-specific incorporation of [3H]leucine into protein and [3H]uridine into RNA in the brain precede clinical scrapie in hamsters. Onset of both incorporations are the earliest measurable events in the disease. Infectivity and subsequent clinical symptoms appear only after this biochemical activity has ceased. The disease-specific [3H]protein co-purifies with scrapie-associated fibrils (SAF) and infectivity during differential centrifugation and buffer extraction. SDS-PAGE shows that the [3H]protein is not SAF protein but a protein with an apparently higher mol. wt. The [3H]RNA is metabolically stable and separates from SAF and the main portion of infectivity in the last step of the purification. The appearance of SAF-protein is a late event and correlates with severe clinical symptoms. SAF seems to be derived from a brain protein turning over slowly. Our data are consistent with early pre-clinical virus replication. In this case treatment aimed at suppressing virus replication in the clinical phase of the human Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is unlikely to produce any beneficial effect.