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Published on: August 13, 2019
Health Maintenance in Postmenopausal Women
I Cori Baill1, Analia Castiglioni1
1University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA.
Insights
Postmenopausal women over 50 face high risks for cardiovascular disease and cancers. Regular screenings for heart disease, breast, colorectal, and cervical cancers, along with mental health and other conditions, are crucial for early detection and prevention.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Preventive Medicine
- Women's Health
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a primary cause of mortality and morbidity in postmenopausal women aged 50 and above.
- Cancer screenings are vital for early detection in this demographic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline essential health screenings for postmenopausal women.
- To emphasize risk assessment for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
Main Methods:
- Utilizing pooled cohort risk assessment equations for 10-year ASCVD risk estimation every 3-5 years.
- Recommending age-appropriate cancer screenings: mammography (50-74), colorectal cancer (50-75), and cervical cancer (based on test intervals, generally post-65).
Main Results:
- Routine screening for depression, alcohol abuse, and intimate partner violence is advised.
- Screening for sexually transmitted infections is recommended for high-risk older women.
- Ovarian cancer screening is not advised.
Conclusions:
- Proactive screening for cardiovascular disease, various cancers, and other health issues is critical for postmenopausal women's well-being.
- Tailored screening strategies improve health outcomes and reduce mortality in this population.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and disability in postmenopausal women older than 50 years. Clinicians should use the pooled cohort risk assessment equations or another risk calculator every three to five years to estimate a woman's 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction and stroke. Major guidelines concur that women at average risk of breast cancer benefit from screening mammography at least every other year from 50 to 74 years of age. Several effective options for colorectal cancer screening are recommended for women 50 to 75 years of age. Cervical cancer screening should occur at three- or five-year intervals depending on the test used, and can generally be discontinued after 65 years of age or total hysterectomy for benign disease. Screening for ovarian cancer is not recommended. Clinicians should consider screening for sexually transmitted infections in older women at high risk. Postmenopausal women should be routinely screened for depression, alcohol abuse, and intimate partner violence.
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