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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Giant Optical Second Harmonic Generation in Two-Dimensional Multiferroics.

Hua Wang1, Xiaofeng Qian1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Science, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States.

Nano Letters
|July 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Giant nonlinear optical responses were predicted in new 2D ferroelectric materials. Group IV monochalcogenides like GeSe and SnSe exhibit exceptionally high second harmonic generation (SHG) for optoelectronics.

Keywords:
2D materialsfirst-principles theorygroup IV monochalcogenidesmultiferroicsnonlinear optical propertiessecond harmonic generation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Chemistry

Background:

  • Nonlinear optical properties are crucial for lasers and optical modulators.
  • Material properties like crystal symmetry and local environment dictate nonlinear optical responses.
  • Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer unique platforms for advanced optical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict and understand the giant second harmonic generation (SHG) in novel 2D ferroelectric-ferroelastic multiferroics.
  • To investigate the origin of the enhanced SHG and its correlation with material properties.
  • To explore potential applications in nonlinear optoelectronics and advanced characterization techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing first-principles electronic structure theory.
  • Calculating and analyzing second harmonic generation (SHG) susceptibility.
  • Investigating the relationship between SHG polarization anisotropy and ferroic orders.

Main Results:

  • Predicted giant SHG in group IV monochalcogenides (GeSe, GeS, SnSe, SnS).
  • SHG susceptibility in GeSe and SnSe monolayers is significantly higher than in MoS2 and hexagonal BN.
  • Extraordinary SHG is attributed to intraband contributions, with polarization anisotropy linked to ferroelastic and ferroelectric orders.

Conclusions:

  • Provided a microscopic understanding of large SHG in 2D group IV monochalcogenide multiferroics.
  • Opened new avenues for 2D ferroelectrics, multiferroics, and nonlinear optoelectronics.
  • Highlighted potential for electrical/optical/mechanical switching and noncontact optical characterization.