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A Satellite-Based Imaging Instrumentation Concept for Hyperspectral Thermal Remote Sensing.

Thomas Udelhoven1, Martin Schlerf2, Karl Segl3

  • 1Department of Environmental Remote Sensing & Geoinformatics, University of Trier, 54286 Trier, Germany. udelhoven@uni-trier.de.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The HiTeSEM mission concept proposes a hyperspectral thermal infrared satellite for monitoring Earth's surface variables crucial for food security and human health. It offers high-resolution data with flexible revisit times for dynamic environmental processes.

Keywords:
food securityhyperspectralsatellite TIR missionthermal remote sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Earth Observation Science
  • Satellite Remote Sensing
  • Thermal Infrared Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Global challenges like food security and human health require detailed monitoring of Earth's surface variables.
  • Existing thermal infrared (TIR) satellite capabilities may lack the necessary spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions for comprehensive monitoring.
  • High-resolution temperature and spectral emissivity mapping is essential for understanding complex biosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere, and geosphere interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the High-resolution Temperature and Spectral Emissivity Mapping (HiTeSEM) satellite mission concept.
  • To outline the scientific goals of measuring key variables related to food security and human health.
  • To propose a sensor design and observation strategy to meet demanding spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution requirements.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptualizing a hyperspectral TIR imaging system with ~75 bands (7.2-12.5 µm) and 60m Ground Sampling Distance (GSD).
  • Integrating a panchromatic high-resolution TIR imager with two channels and 20m GSD within a single optical system.
  • Implementing a sensor pointing concept for high revisit times (1-5 days off-nadir) in selected regions, alongside global nadir coverage (>1 month repeat cycle).
  • Ensuring orbital correlation with Sentinel-2 for multi-spectral data fusion (VNIR, SWIR, TIR).

Main Results:

  • The proposed HiTeSEM mission concept enables measurement of critical variables including land/sea surface temperature, emissivity, moisture, thermal inertia, and evapotranspiration.
  • The mission design addresses the need for high spatial resolution (20-60m) and spectral detail (~75 bands) in the TIR spectrum.
  • The sensor pointing strategy allows for rapid monitoring of dynamic features and high revisit rates for targeted areas.

Conclusions:

  • The HiTeSEM mission concept provides a viable solution for acquiring high-resolution hyperspectral TIR data essential for addressing global food security and human health challenges.
  • Combining hyperspectral and high-resolution panchromatic TIR imaging, coupled with a flexible observation strategy, is key to advancing Earth surface monitoring.
  • Synergy with existing missions like Sentinel-2 will enhance parameter retrieval accuracy through multi-spectral data integration.