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Published on: December 4, 2015
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Update on Senecavirus Infection in Pigs
Raquel A Leme1,2, Alice F Alfieri3,4, Amauri A Alfieri5,6
1Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, P.O. Box 10011, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil. raquelarrudaleme@gmail.com.
Viruses
|July 4, 2017
Summary
Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging swine pathogen causing vesicular disease outbreaks globally. This review details recent SVA epidemiology, clinical signs, and control strategies for the swine industry.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Animal Health
- Picornaviridae Family
Background:
- Senecavirus A (SVA), a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, has circulated undetected in US swine herds since 1988.
- Reported cases of SVA-associated vesicular disease emerged in Canada (2007) and the USA (2012), with increased outbreaks noted since late 2014/early 2015.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on Senecavirus A infection and disease in pigs.
- To highlight recent epidemiological shifts, clinical presentations, and disease severity.
- To address SVA epidemiology, pathogenesis, host response, diagnosis, and control.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent scientific data on Senecavirus A.
- Analysis of epidemiological trends, geographical distribution, and affected swine categories.
- Synthesis of information on clinical signs, diagnosis, and control measures.
Main Results:
- Senecavirus A outbreaks have increased significantly since 2015, with global detection in Brazil, China, and Thailand.
- Epidemiological data suggests 2015 as a pivotal year for SVA, marked by altered geographical spread, affected pig categories, and disease characteristics.
- The review covers SVA's epidemiology, pathogenicity, host immune response, diagnostic methods, and control strategies.
Conclusions:
- Senecavirus A poses significant health risks to the swine industry, necessitating further research.
- Complete evolutionary, epidemiological, and pathogenic data are crucial for understanding SVA.
- The development of rapid diagnostic capabilities for Senecavirus A infection is essential.
