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Case History Risk Factors for Specific Language Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Johanna M Rudolph¹

¹University of Texas at Dallas.

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology

|July 4, 2017

Summary

Identifying toddlers at risk for specific language impairment (SLI) can be improved by assessing key risk factors. Four case history factors show significant predictive value for early SLI identification.

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Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting

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Published on: June 6, 2020

Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Speech-Language Pathology
Pediatrics

Background:

Early identification of specific language impairment (SLI) is crucial for intervention.
Previous attempts to create a reliable list of risk factors for SLI have been unsuccessful.
Case history factors are suggested as a potential tool for identifying at-risk toddlers.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and meta-analyze existing research.
To determine if specific case history factors can reliably identify toddlers at risk for SLI.
To aggregate results from epidemiological studies on risk factors and SLI.

Main Methods:

Systematic review and meta-analytic procedures were employed.
Epidemiological studies examining risk factors for SLI were identified and analyzed.
The strength of association between risk factors and SLI development was aggregated.
Clinical significance was assessed by comparing factors to late talker status.

Main Results:

Eleven risk factors were identified as statistically significant predictors of SLI.
Maternal education level, 5-minute Apgar score, birth order, and biological sex demonstrated clinical significance.
These four factors were found to be as predictive as late talker status.

Conclusions:

A subset of case history factors can effectively identify toddlers at risk for SLI.
The findings support the use of specific risk factors in early identification protocols.
Considering genetic and environmental context is vital for determining the need for further evaluation and early intervention.