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Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Epigenetic Regulation01:37

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The environment, epigenome, and asthma.

Ivana V Yang1, Catherine A Lozupone2, David A Schwartz3

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo; National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colo.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|July 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental exposures like pollution and allergens may influence asthma development. The epigenome could explain how these environmental factors alter gene expression and immune responses, contributing to asthma pathogenesis. This review explores the environmental epigenome in asthma.

Keywords:
AsthmaDNA methylationair pollutionallergensepigeneticsmicrobiomenasal epithelium

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental epigenetics
  • Respiratory medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Asthma prevalence is increasing globally, particularly in North America, though rates vary worldwide.
  • Environmental factors such as allergens, air pollution, and the microbiome are implicated in asthma etiology.
  • The epigenome may serve as a crucial link between environmental exposures and asthma development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the concept of the environmental epigenome in asthma.
  • To review existing literature on the environmental epigenome and asthma.
  • To discuss future research directions in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of previous publications.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of environmental epigenetics in asthma.
  • Discussion of future research avenues.

Main Results:

  • Environmental exposures can lead to epigenetic modifications.
  • These epigenetic changes can affect gene expression in the respiratory system.
  • Epigenetic alterations are linked to immune cell dysfunction characteristic of asthma.

Conclusions:

  • The environmental epigenome is a key area for understanding asthma pathogenesis.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms.
  • Targeting epigenetic pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies for asthma.