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High altitude and pre-eclampsia: Adaptation or protection.

Sarah I Y Ahmed1, Muntaser E Ibrahim1, Eltahir A G Khalil2

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.

Medical Hypotheses
|July 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

High altitude adaptive genes, like EPAS1, ADAM9, and EGLN1, are more common in preeclampsia, suggesting a genetic adaptation to hypoxia. This finding offers new avenues for understanding and treating related diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Physiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • High altitude adaptive genes may offer protection against diseases linked to hypoxia pathway deregulation, including preeclampsia.
  • Preeclampsia and normal pregnancy were studied to investigate hypoxia-induced disorders and their potential for adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze genetic variants associated with high-altitude hypoxia adaptation in the context of preeclampsia.
  • To explore the potential for genetic adaptation in hypoxic conditions relevant to preeclampsia.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of genetic variants known for high-altitude adaptation.
  • Comparison of genetic variant frequencies between preeclampsia cases and normal pregnancy controls.

Main Results:

  • Genetic variants in EPAS1, ADAM9, and EGLN1 were approximately three-fold higher in preeclampsia cases versus controls.
  • This suggests hypoxic cells in preeclampsia may exhibit greater genetic variability for adaptation to hypoxia.
  • Signs of "acclimatisation" were observed in both groups, but more frequently in controls.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic variants associated with high-altitude adaptation show increased prevalence in preeclampsia.
  • This indicates a potential adaptive response to hypoxia in preeclampsia, with implications for disease susceptibility.
  • Further research into genetic selection and adaptability could inform drug development for hypoxia-related disorders.