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Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
Published on: January 17, 2025
Douglas Turkington1, Helen Spencer2, Latoyah Lebert2
1Douglas Turkington, MD, FRCPsych, Academic Psychiatry, Wolfson Research Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Mental Health Foundation Trust, and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University; Helen Spencer, BA, Latoyah Lebert, BSc, Academic Psychiatry, Wolfson Research Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Mental Health Foundation Trust, and School of Psychology, Newcastle University; Robert Dudley, PhD, DCIinPsy, Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Tranwell Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Mental Health Foundation Trust, and School of Psychology, Newcastle University, UK Douglas.Turkington@ntw.nhs.uk.
Befriending in therapy helps control non-specific factors in research. Further study is needed to understand its uses and how befriending works as a potential intervention.
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