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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Related Experiment Video

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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Thyroid Autoimmunity.

Silvia Martina Ferrari1, Giusy Elia1, Camilla Virili2

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|July 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, especially females, have a high risk of developing hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis (AT). Regular thyroid monitoring is crucial for early detection and management in these individuals.

Keywords:
AbTPOAbTgCXCL10Graves’ diseaseautoimmune thyroiditishypothyroidismsystemic lupus erythematosusthyroid cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a known association with other autoimmune conditions.
  • Thyroid autoimmunity, including hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), is frequently observed in SLE patients, particularly females.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on the prevalence and incidence of thyroid disorders in SLE patients.
  • To highlight the association between SLE, thyroid autoimmunity, and thyroid cancer.
  • To recommend thyroid monitoring protocols for at-risk SLE patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating thyroid function and autoimmunity in SLE patients.
  • Analysis of reported cases of hypothyroidism, AT, Graves' disease, and papillary thyroid cancer in SLE.
  • Evaluation of risk factors and suggested monitoring strategies.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence and incidence of hypothyroidism and AT in SLE patients, predominantly in females.
  • Association of Th1 immune response predominance with AT in SLE.
  • Increased prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer reported in SLE, especially with coexisting thyroid autoimmunity.
  • Identification of risk factors for thyroid dysfunction in SLE patients.

Conclusions:

  • Female SLE patients with specific risk factors (high-normal TSH, positive antibodies, specific ultrasound findings) require regular thyroid function follow-up.
  • Early detection and management of thyroid disorders are essential in SLE patient care.
  • Further research with larger cohorts is needed to confirm the association with thyroid cancer.