Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

651
Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
651
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

4.1K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
4.1K
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

476
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
476
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

1.1K
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
1.1K
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

419
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
419
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

244
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
244

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Young Man with Hematuria, Proteinuria, and Acute Kidney Injury Following an Upper Respiratory Infection.

Kidney360·2026
Same author

Kidney Stone Pathophysiology, Evaluation and Management: Core Curriculum 2023.

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation·2023
Same author

Precision nephrology identified tumor necrosis factor activation variability in minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Kidney international·2022
Same author

Hyperphosphatemia and its relationship with blood pressure, vasoconstriction, and endothelial cell dysfunction in hypertensive hemodialysis patients.

BMC nephrology·2022
Same author

Challenges in diuretic therapy: A case-based discussion.

The American journal of the medical sciences·2022
Same author

Idiopathic Hypokalemia in Lupus Nephritis: A Newly Recognized Entity.

Kidney360·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
05:16

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure

Published on: June 10, 2025

689

The Basic Metabolic Profile in Heart Failure-Marker and Modifier.

Ahmed Elfar1, Kamalanathan K Sambandam2

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5939 Harry Hines Blvd, MC 8516, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.

Current Heart Failure Reports
|July 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Basic metabolic profile abnormalities in heart failure patients, including elevated creatinine and hypochloremia, predict worse outcomes and guide treatment. Understanding these changes is crucial for managing heart failure effectively.

Keywords:
Heart failureHypochloremiaHypokalemiaHyponatremiaMetabolic alkalosisRenal insufficiency

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach
07:49

Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach

Published on: July 21, 2023

2.0K
Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle
09:40

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

Published on: January 19, 2017

12.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
05:16

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure

Published on: June 10, 2025

689
Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach
07:49

Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach

Published on: July 21, 2023

2.0K
Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle
09:40

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

Published on: January 19, 2017

12.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Basic metabolic profile abnormalities are common in heart failure.
  • These alterations correlate with clinical outcomes and impact treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the physiologic determinants of basic metabolic profile components in heart failure.
  • To discuss the prognostic value of these alterations and their management implications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on basic metabolic profiles in heart failure patients.
  • Analysis of the prognostic significance and management of electrolyte and renal function abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • Elevated creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, hyponatremia, and hypochloremia are linked to increased mortality and diuretic resistance.
  • Hypokalemia is a significant negative prognostic indicator in heart failure.
  • Hypochloremia offers discriminating prognostic information and is mechanistically linked to hyponatremia and metabolic alkalosis.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the physiologic basis of metabolic alterations is key to managing heart failure.
  • Prognostic value of basic metabolic profile changes informs clinical decision-making.
  • Hypochloremia warrants further attention for its prognostic and therapeutic implications in heart failure.