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Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
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In vivo Measurement of Knee Extensor Muscle Function in Mice
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Power output and fatigue properties using spatially distributed sequential stimulation in a dynamic knee extension

Marco Laubacher1,2, Anil Efe Aksöz3,4, Robert Riener4

  • 1Division of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Engineering and Information Technology, Institute for Rehabilitation and Performance Technology, Bern University of Applied Sciences, 3400, Burgdorf, Switzerland. marco.laubacher@bfh.ch.

European Journal of Applied Physiology
|July 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Spatially distributed sequential stimulation (SDSS) offers improved power output and fatigue resistance compared to single electrode stimulation (SES) for functional electrical stimulation (FES) applications. This novel approach enhances performance in cyclical movements like knee extension.

Keywords:
FatigueFunctional electrical stimulationKnee dynamometerPower outputSpatially distributed sequential stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neurorehabilitation
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is limited by low power output and poor fatigue resistance.
  • Conventional single electrode stimulation (SES) faces challenges in optimizing muscle activation for sustained tasks.
  • Developing advanced stimulation techniques is crucial for improving FES efficacy in functional applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the power output and fatigue properties of spatially distributed sequential stimulation (SDSS) against conventional single electrode stimulation (SES).
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of SDSS in an isokinetic knee extension task simulating recumbent cycling.

Main Methods:

  • Eight able-bodied subjects underwent 6-minute stimulation of the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis muscles in both legs.
  • Two stimulation setups were used: SES with paired electrodes and SDSS with four small active electrodes.
  • Torque was measured using a dynamometer during isokinetic knee extension at 110°/s; mean power and fatigue index were calculated.

Main Results:

  • Spatially distributed sequential stimulation (SDSS) yielded significantly higher mean power output in the final phase (9.9 W vs. 7.4 W) and overall (11.5 W vs. 9.2 W) compared to SES.
  • SDSS demonstrated significantly improved fatigue resistance, with a smaller reduction in mean power compared to SES (p=0.024).
  • The absolute mean pulse width was substantially lower with SDSS (62.5 µs) than with SES (90.0 µs).

Conclusions:

  • Despite lower stimulation intensity, SDSS achieved significantly greater mean power output than SES.
  • SDSS exhibited superior fatigue resistance compared to conventional stimulation methods.
  • The SDSS approach holds promise for substantial performance enhancements in cyclical FES applications.