Modulation of motilin-induced somatostatin release in dogs by naloxone

Somatostatin release in dogs is modulated by exogenous and endogenous opioids. Since postprandial somatostatin secretion is in part due to the stimulatory effect of postprandially activated gastrointestinal hormones as well as endogenous opioids, it was of interest to determine the interaction between motilin, a known stimulus of somatostatin release, and endogenous opioids with regard to activation of D-cell function. In a group of eight conscious dogs the infusion of synthetic porcine motilin at doses of 0.05, 0.25 and 0.5 micrograms/kg X hr elicited a significant increase of peripheral vein plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI), confirming previously reported data. The additional infusion of the opiate receptor antagonist naloxone attenuated this SLI response, suggesting that endogenous opioids participate in motilin-induced SLI release. Since previous studies have shown that the interaction between endogenous opioids and postprandial somatostatin secretion is modified by elevated plasma glucose levels, the experiments were repeated during an IV glucose (0.2 g/min) background infusion increasing circulating glucose levels by 20-30 mg/dl. During IV glucose, the SLI response to motilin was almost abolished. In this group the addition of naloxone restored the SLI response, indicating that the inhibitory effect of elevated glucose on D-cell function is, at least in part, mediated by endogenous opioids. These data suggest that motilin has to be considered as one regulatory factor which participates in the previously observed interaction between glucose and endogenous opioids during postprandial SLI release.